دراسة فاعلية بعض الصادات الحيوية على جراثيم الإيشريكية القولونية Escherichia coli )) المعزولة من دجاج اللحم في طرطوس
الكلمات المفتاحية:
الإيشريكية القولونية، فروج، فاعلية، صادات حيوية
الملخص
تعتبر الإصابة بالإيشريكية القولونية خطر كبير يهدد صحة الطيور مسببة خسائر اقتصادية في مزارع اللحم لمــــــا تحدثه مـــــــــــــــــــن نفوق وانخفاض في كفـــــــــــــاءة التحويل وتأخر النمو، ويزداد هذا الخطر في ظل استخدام الصادات الحيوية العشوائي في علاجها، إضافة لظهور المقاومة لهذه الصادات والتي قد تصل إلى الإنسان، ولذلك تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التحري عن الإصابة بالإيشريكية القولونية في بعض مزارع دجاج اللحم في محافظة طرطوس وعزل وتأكيد الإصابة ودراسة فاعلية بعض الصادات الحيوية المستخدمة في علاجها. جمعت العينات خلال الفترة من 2/2/2023 وحتى2/12/2023 من مناطق مختلفة هي: (الحميدية، الرقمة، الصفلية، بيت شيحان، زهيوية، القمصية، بلوزة، بغمليخ، شباط، خربة عامودي). تم تسجيل الأعراض وإجراء التشريح المرضي وزرعت العينات في الشوربة المغذية وحضنت في حرارة(37) مْ ثم الزرع على الأوساط النوعية لتشخيص وجود جراثيم الإيشريكية القولونية، وتم إجراء اختبارات التحسس لبعض الصادات الحيوية. أظهرت النتائج ارتفاع نسبة المقاومة والتي بلغت 100% للأرثرومايسين، وبنسبة90% لكل من كلورامفنيكول ودوكسي سايكلين، وبنسبة83.33% للازيترومايسين، ونسبة 70% للفوسفومايسين، ونسبة 66.66% للجنتامايسين، وبنسبة 60% للكوليستين. ويستدل من ذلك على أن الإيشريكية القولونية كانت حساسة للكوليستين والجنتامايسين وأن فاعليتهما بلغت نسبة 30% لكل منهما، يليهما الفوسفومايسين بحساسية (23.33%) ثم الازيترومايسين والدوكسي سايكلين والكلورامفنيكول حيث بلغت الفعالية بنسبة (10%) لكل منها. وبالتحليل الاحصائي لوحظ تفوق الكوليستين على باقي الصادات بدلالة إحصائية عالية بلغت (2.743)، يلية الجنتامايسين بدلالة إحصائية (2.833)، ثم الصاد فوسفومايسين بدلالة إحصائية (2.952)، والصاد دوكسي سايكلين بدلالة إحصائية (3.438)، ثم الأرثرومايسين بدلالة إحصائية (3.550)، والكلورامفنيكول بدلالة إحصائية (3.863)، ثم الأزيتروميسين بدلالة إحصائية (3.993), مما يشير إلى وجود مقاومة جرثومية وبنسب مرتفعة لأغلب الصادات الحيوية المدروسة والناتج عن الاستخدام العشوائي لها في عمليات المعالجة، وهذا يتطلب ضرورة العمل لزيادة الوعي باستخدامها على نحو مسؤول والاهتمام تجاه ذلك بغية خفض خطورة انتقال هذه المقاومة إلى الإنسان إضافة لمراقبة تأثيراتها في التطبيق العملي واختبار زيادة الفاعلية بالتشارك والتآزر.
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28-Kathayat,D, Lokesh,D., Ranjit,S ., Rajashekara,G.,(2021).Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC): An Overview of Virulence and Pathogenesis Factors, Zoonotic Potential, and Control Strategies. Pathogens , 10: 467.
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30-Koju ,P., Shrestha ,J., Shrestha ,A., Tamrakar ,S., Rai A. , Shrestha ,P., Kumar,S . , Katuwal ,N., Shrestha A. , Shrestha ,A. , Shrestha ,S. , Karki ,P., Tamang,P ., Thekkur ,P., Shrestha,S.,(2022). Antimicrobial Resistance in E. coli Isolated from Chicken Cecum Samples and Factors Contributing to Antimicrobial Resistance in Nepal . Trop. Med. Infect. Dis., 7: 249.
31-Kremples., D.,(2005).Culture and Sensitivity Testing , House Rabbit Society of Miami, University of Miami, Bio.Depart
32-Lawal,l., Jajere,S., Geidam,Y., Bello,AWakil ,Y. Mustapha,M.,(2015). Antibiotic Residues in Edible Poultry Tissues and Products in Nigeria: A Potential Public Health Hazard . International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 7(3): 55-6.
33-Mansaray , H. D. ., . Yankson, D, P. Y . , . Johnson, R. A. B . , Moses, F. L., Sam Kanu, J. , Franklyn,i K . , Rony Zachariah . , Kumar ,A.M. V., Selvaraj. K.,(2022). Bacterial Isolates and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Poultry Excreta Used for Vegetable Farming in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health . 19, 5405.
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منشور
2024-11-03
كيفية الاقتباس
afef, alaa, العمرع. ا., & نيصافي ع. (2024). دراسة فاعلية بعض الصادات الحيوية على جراثيم الإيشريكية القولونية Escherichia coli )) المعزولة من دجاج اللحم في طرطوس. مجلة جامعة حماة, 7(العاشر). استرجع في من https://hama-univ.edu.sy/ojs/index.php/huj/article/view/1957
القسم
قسم هندسة الزراعية
