effect تأثير بعض أنواع البكتريا المحفزة لنمو النبات (PGPR) في الحد من الإصابة بفطر Fusarium solani على نبات الكوسا
المقدمة
الكلمات المفتاحية:
PGPR, Fusarium solani, pathogenic, inoculum, infection, zucchini plant
الملخص
Abstract
The research aimed to study the effect of three types of bacteria that stimulate plant growth (Bacillus circulans, Bacillus megaterium, and Azotobacter chroococcum) in reducing the effect of the fungus Fusarium solani and its symptoms on zucchini plants grown in bags, and to measure some vegetative growth indicators related to the number of leaves on the plant and the fresh weight of the two groups. Vegetative and root.
The results showed a reduction in the symptoms of infection with the pathogenic fungus F. solani, and the F+Bc treatment was the best, followed by the F+Bm treatment, then the F+Az treatment. It also showed an increase in the growth of zucchini plants and a reduction in the effect of the pathogenic fungus on the number of leaves and the fresh weight of the shoot and root systems compared to the healthy control and the fungus-infected control not treated with bacteria. The bacterial species B. circulans was superior in reducing the effect of the fungus F. solani on zucchini plants, followed by the bacterial species B. megaterium and then the bacterial species A. chroococcum in all the indicators studied. Therefore, it is possible to use bacterial inoculation with the bacterial species B. circulans, B. megaterium, and A. chroococcum by adding them to plant seedlings to improve their growth, productivity, and resistance to plant diseases.
Keywords: PGPR, Fusarium solani, pathogenic, inoculum, infection, zucchini plant
*. Associated Professor, Department of soil and water sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Engineering, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria. Yaser.hammad@tishreen.edu.sy
** Assistant, second faculty of agriculture in suwayda, Damascus university. ramez2.alshami@damascusuniversity.edu.sy
References
المراجع:
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4. Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology, 5thed. Elsevier, 922p.
5. Ainsworth, A., and Jerry Lovatt. 1991. Growing Zucchinis, Button Squash and Cucumbers in Queensland. Queensland Department of Primary Industries. V. R. Ward, Government Printer, Queensland-1991. p33.
6. Arfaoui, A., A. El Hadrami, Y. Mabrouk, B. Sifi, A. Boudabous, I. El Hadrami, F. Daayf and M. Cherif. 2007. Treatment of chickpea with Rhizobium isolates enhances the expression of phenylpropanoid defense-related genes in response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Plant Physiol. and Biochemistry, 45(6-7):470-479.
7. Arfaoui,A.,B.Sifi, M.El Hassan,A.Boudabbous,and. M.Cherif 2005.Biochemical analysis of protection against Fusarium wilt afforded by two Rhizobium isolates. Plant Pathology Journal, 4(1):35-42.
8. Arfaoui, A.,B.Sifi,A.Boudabous,I.El Hadrami,and M.Cherif.2006. Identification of Rhizobium isolates possessing antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of chick. Journal of Plant Pathology, 88 (1), 67-75.
9. Arshad, M., and Frankenberger, W. T. (1998). Plant growth-regulating substances in the rhizosphere: Microbial production and functions. Advances in Agronomy, 62, 46–152.
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11. Bhattacharyya P. N., Jha D. K. (2012). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 28, 1327–1350.
12. Boukerma L., Benchabane M., Charif A., Khélifi L. (2017): Activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in the biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt. Plant Protect. Sci., 53: 78–84.
13. Chen, J. H.; Wu, J. T.; Young, C. C. (2007). The Combined Use of Chemical, Organic Fertilizers and/or Biofertilizer for Crop Growth and Soil Fertility. Soil and Environ. Vol. 10, No. I& No.2, June. P I-p 12.
14. Chérif, M., A. Arfaoui, andA. Rhaiem. 2007. Phenolic compounds and their role in bio-controland resistance of chickpea to fungal pathogenic attacks. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 2:7-21
15. Das, K., Prasanna, R., Saxena, A.K., 2017. Rhizobia: a potential biocontrol agent for soilborne fungal pathogens. Folia Microbiol. 62, 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12223-017-0513-z.
16. El-Sersawy. M.M, Saad El-Din Hassan, Abbas A. El-Ghamry, Amr Mahmoud Abd El-Gwad, Amr Fouda. 2021. Implication of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of Bacillus spp. as biocontrol agents against wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. In Vicia faba L. BioMol; 12: 197–214.
17. Fatima, Iqra, S. Hakim. A. Imran, N, Ahmad, M. Imtiaz, H. Ali, E. Islam, S. Yousef, M. Merza and F. Mubeen. 2022. Exploring biocontrol and growth-promoting potential of multifaceted PGPR isolated from natural suppressive soil against the causal agent of chickpea wilt. Elsevier GmbH. P13.
18. Figueiredo MVB, Bonifacio A, Rodrigues AC, Araujo FF. (2016). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: key mechanisms of action. In: Choudhary DK, Varma A. (eds) Microbial-mediated induced systemic resistance in plants. Springer Science + Business Media, Singapore, pp 23–37.
19. Finkel OM, Castrillo G, Herrera Paredes S, Salas González I, Dangl JL. (2017). Understanding and exploiting plant beneficial microbes. Curr Opine Plant Biol 38: 155–163.
20. Glick, B. R. (2005). The enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41,109–117.
21. Gupta G, Parihar SS, Ahirwar NK, Snehi SK, Singh V. 2015. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): current and future prospects for development of sustainable agriculture. J Microb Biochem Technol 7:096–102.
22. Hammad, Y. 2020. Isolation and identification of some species of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from some bio-fertilizers, the arab journal foe arid environment, Vol. 13(1), p: 23 – 31.
23. Hmissi, I., S. Gargouri., and B.Sifi.2011. Attempt of wheat protection against Fusarium culmorum using Rhizobium isolates. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 6, 2011, 75-86.
24. Islam, M.A., Nain, Z., Alam, M.K., Banu, N.A., Islam, M.R., 2018. In vitro study of biocontrol potential of rhizospheric Pseudomonas aeruginosa against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum. Egypt J. Biol. Pest Control 28, 90. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s41938-018-0097-1.
25. Jiao, X., Takishita, Y., Zhou, G., Smith, D.L., 2021. Plant associated rhizobacteria for biocontrol and plant growth enhancement. Front. Plant Sci. 12, 420. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpls.2021.634796.
26. Khan AL, Halo BA, Elyassi A, Ali S, Al-Hosni K, H ussain J, Al-Harrasi A, Lee IJ. (2016). Indole acetic acid and ACC deaminase from endophytic bacteria improves the growth of Solanum lycopersicum. Electron J Biotechnol 21:58–64.
27. Kokalis-Burelle N, Vavrina C S, Reddy M S and Kloepper J W 2003. Amendment of Muskmelon and Watermelon Transplant Mediawith Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria: Effects on SeedlingQuality, Disease and Nematode Resistance. Hort Technology. 13,476–482.
28. Kumar, A.; Patel, J.S.; Meena, V.S. Rhizospheric Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture: An Overview. In Role of Rhizospheric Microbes in Soil; Springer: Singapore, 2018; pp. 1–31
29. Kumar, M.; Giri, V.P.; Pandey, S.; Gupta, A.; Patel, M.K.; Bajpai, A.B.; Jenkins, S.; Siddique, K.H.M. 2021. Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Emerging as an Effective Bioinoculant to Improve the Growth, Production, and Stress Tolerance of Vegetable Crops. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 12245. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212245.
30. Kumari,S.,and V.Khanna.2014.Effect of antagonistic Rhizobacteria coinoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceris on control of fusarium wilt in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).African Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(12): 1255-1265.
31. Liu, K., Mcinroy, J.A., Hu, C.-H., Kloepper, J.W., 2018. Mixtures of plant-growthpromoting rhizobacteria enhance biological control of multiple plant diseases and plant-growth promotion in the presence of pathogens. Plant Dis. 102, 67–72. https:// doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-17-0478-RE.
32. Meena, K. N., Nayan Tara and Baljeet Singh Saharan. (2018). Review on PGPR: An Alternative for Chemical Fertilizers to Promote Growth in Aloe vera Plants. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. Volume 7 Number 03. P6.
33. Nelson,P.E.,T.A. Toussoun, and W.F Marasas,.1983.Fusarium species.The Pennsylvania State University Press. University Park.139pp. Octa Journal of Biosciences, 1(1):69-76.
34. Nihorimbere V, Ongena M, Smargiassi M, Thonart P. (2011). Beneficial effect of the rhizosphere microbial community for plant growth and health. Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment. 15(2):327-337.
35. Ortiz Castro R, Valencia-Cantero E, Lopez-Bucio J. (2008). Plant growth promotion by Bacillus megaterium involves cytokinin signaling. Plant Signal Behav 3:263–265.
36. Pierce. 2013. "In season: Summer means squash". Dallas News. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
37. Rajapati, K., and H.A. Modi. (2012). the Importance of Potassium in Plant Growth – A Review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences. Vol. 1(02-03) Jul.-Sept. & Oct.-Dec., pp.177-186.
38. Selvakumar G, Bindu GH, Bhatt RM, Upreti KK, Paul AM, Asha A, Shweta K, Sharma M. (2016). Osmotolerant cytokinin producing microbes enhance tomato growth in deficit irrigation conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci, India, Sect B Biol Sci.
39. Sokolova, M.G.; Akimova, G.P.; Vaishlia, O.B. Effect of phytohormones synthesized by rhizosphere bacteria on plants. Prikl.Biokhim. Mikrobiol. 2011, 47, 302–307.
40. Tuquero, j. and R. Gerard Chargualaf. 2019. Growing Zucchini Varieties on Guam Cucurbita pepo. Cooperative Extension & Outreach, College of Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Guam. FS017-19. p 5. http://cnas-re.uog.edu/ or call 1.671.735.2080.
1. حماد, ياسر و رامز الشامي. (2017). توصيف بعض أنواع بكتريا الرايزوسفير المحفزة لنمو النبات من بعض الأسمدة الحيوية والتربة. مجلة جامعة البعث. سورية. المجلد 39. ص25.
2. الطائي، محمد ابراهيم، و زكريا سامي المولى،2010، دراسة تأثير بكتيريا Rhizobium leguminosarum bv.Viciae على نمو مجموعة من الفطريات .مجلة تكريت للعلوم الصرفة، مجلد 15،عدد (1).
3. المجموعة الإحصائية الزراعية السنوية. (2022). مديرية الإحصاء والتخطيط، وزارة الزراعة والإصلاح الزراعي، الجمهورية العربية السورية.233 ص, جدول 74.
4. Agrios, G.N. (2005). Plant pathology, 5thed. Elsevier, 922p.
5. Ainsworth, A., and Jerry Lovatt. 1991. Growing Zucchinis, Button Squash and Cucumbers in Queensland. Queensland Department of Primary Industries. V. R. Ward, Government Printer, Queensland-1991. p33.
6. Arfaoui, A., A. El Hadrami, Y. Mabrouk, B. Sifi, A. Boudabous, I. El Hadrami, F. Daayf and M. Cherif. 2007. Treatment of chickpea with Rhizobium isolates enhances the expression of phenylpropanoid defense-related genes in response to infection by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. Plant Physiol. and Biochemistry, 45(6-7):470-479.
7. Arfaoui,A.,B.Sifi, M.El Hassan,A.Boudabbous,and. M.Cherif 2005.Biochemical analysis of protection against Fusarium wilt afforded by two Rhizobium isolates. Plant Pathology Journal, 4(1):35-42.
8. Arfaoui, A.,B.Sifi,A.Boudabous,I.El Hadrami,and M.Cherif.2006. Identification of Rhizobium isolates possessing antagonistic activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of chick. Journal of Plant Pathology, 88 (1), 67-75.
9. Arshad, M., and Frankenberger, W. T. (1998). Plant growth-regulating substances in the rhizosphere: Microbial production and functions. Advances in Agronomy, 62, 46–152.
10. Bashan, Y.; de-Bashan, L.E.; Prabhu, S.R.; Hernandez, J.P. Advances in plant growth-promoting bacterial inoculant technology: Formulations and practical perspectives (1998–2013). Plant Soil 2014, 378, 1–33.
11. Bhattacharyya P. N., Jha D. K. (2012). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 28, 1327–1350.
12. Boukerma L., Benchabane M., Charif A., Khélifi L. (2017): Activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in the biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt. Plant Protect. Sci., 53: 78–84.
13. Chen, J. H.; Wu, J. T.; Young, C. C. (2007). The Combined Use of Chemical, Organic Fertilizers and/or Biofertilizer for Crop Growth and Soil Fertility. Soil and Environ. Vol. 10, No. I& No.2, June. P I-p 12.
14. Chérif, M., A. Arfaoui, andA. Rhaiem. 2007. Phenolic compounds and their role in bio-controland resistance of chickpea to fungal pathogenic attacks. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 2:7-21
15. Das, K., Prasanna, R., Saxena, A.K., 2017. Rhizobia: a potential biocontrol agent for soilborne fungal pathogens. Folia Microbiol. 62, 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12223-017-0513-z.
16. El-Sersawy. M.M, Saad El-Din Hassan, Abbas A. El-Ghamry, Amr Mahmoud Abd El-Gwad, Amr Fouda. 2021. Implication of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria of Bacillus spp. as biocontrol agents against wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. In Vicia faba L. BioMol; 12: 197–214.
17. Fatima, Iqra, S. Hakim. A. Imran, N, Ahmad, M. Imtiaz, H. Ali, E. Islam, S. Yousef, M. Merza and F. Mubeen. 2022. Exploring biocontrol and growth-promoting potential of multifaceted PGPR isolated from natural suppressive soil against the causal agent of chickpea wilt. Elsevier GmbH. P13.
18. Figueiredo MVB, Bonifacio A, Rodrigues AC, Araujo FF. (2016). Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: key mechanisms of action. In: Choudhary DK, Varma A. (eds) Microbial-mediated induced systemic resistance in plants. Springer Science + Business Media, Singapore, pp 23–37.
19. Finkel OM, Castrillo G, Herrera Paredes S, Salas González I, Dangl JL. (2017). Understanding and exploiting plant beneficial microbes. Curr Opine Plant Biol 38: 155–163.
20. Glick, B. R. (2005). The enhancement of plant growth by free living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41,109–117.
21. Gupta G, Parihar SS, Ahirwar NK, Snehi SK, Singh V. 2015. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): current and future prospects for development of sustainable agriculture. J Microb Biochem Technol 7:096–102.
22. Hammad, Y. 2020. Isolation and identification of some species of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) from some bio-fertilizers, the arab journal foe arid environment, Vol. 13(1), p: 23 – 31.
23. Hmissi, I., S. Gargouri., and B.Sifi.2011. Attempt of wheat protection against Fusarium culmorum using Rhizobium isolates. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection 6, 2011, 75-86.
24. Islam, M.A., Nain, Z., Alam, M.K., Banu, N.A., Islam, M.R., 2018. In vitro study of biocontrol potential of rhizospheric Pseudomonas aeruginosa against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum. Egypt J. Biol. Pest Control 28, 90. https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s41938-018-0097-1.
25. Jiao, X., Takishita, Y., Zhou, G., Smith, D.L., 2021. Plant associated rhizobacteria for biocontrol and plant growth enhancement. Front. Plant Sci. 12, 420. https://doi.org/ 10.3389/fpls.2021.634796.
26. Khan AL, Halo BA, Elyassi A, Ali S, Al-Hosni K, H ussain J, Al-Harrasi A, Lee IJ. (2016). Indole acetic acid and ACC deaminase from endophytic bacteria improves the growth of Solanum lycopersicum. Electron J Biotechnol 21:58–64.
27. Kokalis-Burelle N, Vavrina C S, Reddy M S and Kloepper J W 2003. Amendment of Muskmelon and Watermelon Transplant Mediawith Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria: Effects on SeedlingQuality, Disease and Nematode Resistance. Hort Technology. 13,476–482.
28. Kumar, A.; Patel, J.S.; Meena, V.S. Rhizospheric Microbes for Sustainable Agriculture: An Overview. In Role of Rhizospheric Microbes in Soil; Springer: Singapore, 2018; pp. 1–31
29. Kumar, M.; Giri, V.P.; Pandey, S.; Gupta, A.; Patel, M.K.; Bajpai, A.B.; Jenkins, S.; Siddique, K.H.M. 2021. Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Emerging as an Effective Bioinoculant to Improve the Growth, Production, and Stress Tolerance of Vegetable Crops. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 12245. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212245.
30. Kumari,S.,and V.Khanna.2014.Effect of antagonistic Rhizobacteria coinoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceris on control of fusarium wilt in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).African Journal of Microbiology Research, 8(12): 1255-1265.
31. Liu, K., Mcinroy, J.A., Hu, C.-H., Kloepper, J.W., 2018. Mixtures of plant-growthpromoting rhizobacteria enhance biological control of multiple plant diseases and plant-growth promotion in the presence of pathogens. Plant Dis. 102, 67–72. https:// doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-17-0478-RE.
32. Meena, K. N., Nayan Tara and Baljeet Singh Saharan. (2018). Review on PGPR: An Alternative for Chemical Fertilizers to Promote Growth in Aloe vera Plants. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. Volume 7 Number 03. P6.
33. Nelson,P.E.,T.A. Toussoun, and W.F Marasas,.1983.Fusarium species.The Pennsylvania State University Press. University Park.139pp. Octa Journal of Biosciences, 1(1):69-76.
34. Nihorimbere V, Ongena M, Smargiassi M, Thonart P. (2011). Beneficial effect of the rhizosphere microbial community for plant growth and health. Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment. 15(2):327-337.
35. Ortiz Castro R, Valencia-Cantero E, Lopez-Bucio J. (2008). Plant growth promotion by Bacillus megaterium involves cytokinin signaling. Plant Signal Behav 3:263–265.
36. Pierce. 2013. "In season: Summer means squash". Dallas News. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
37. Rajapati, K., and H.A. Modi. (2012). the Importance of Potassium in Plant Growth – A Review. Indian Journal of Plant Sciences. Vol. 1(02-03) Jul.-Sept. & Oct.-Dec., pp.177-186.
38. Selvakumar G, Bindu GH, Bhatt RM, Upreti KK, Paul AM, Asha A, Shweta K, Sharma M. (2016). Osmotolerant cytokinin producing microbes enhance tomato growth in deficit irrigation conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci, India, Sect B Biol Sci.
39. Sokolova, M.G.; Akimova, G.P.; Vaishlia, O.B. Effect of phytohormones synthesized by rhizosphere bacteria on plants. Prikl.Biokhim. Mikrobiol. 2011, 47, 302–307.
40. Tuquero, j. and R. Gerard Chargualaf. 2019. Growing Zucchini Varieties on Guam Cucurbita pepo. Cooperative Extension & Outreach, College of Natural & Applied Sciences, University of Guam. FS017-19. p 5. http://cnas-re.uog.edu/ or call 1.671.735.2080.
منشور
2025-07-20
How to Cite
hammad, yaser, & Al Shami, D. R. M. (2025). effect تأثير بعض أنواع البكتريا المحفزة لنمو النبات (PGPR) في الحد من الإصابة بفطر Fusarium solani على نبات الكوسا. Journal of Hama University , 7(22). Retrieved from https://hama-univ.edu.sy/ojs/index.php/huj/article/view/2286
القسم
Department of Agriculture Engineering
