دراسة تأثير استخدام كيتورولاك في السيطرة على آلام ما بعد الجراحة لدى الكلاب
الكلمات المفتاحية:
تسكين الألم - عملية فتح البطن – الكلاب - كيتورولاك
الملخص
أجري البحث على (6) كلاب محلية بعمر (2-5) سنوات وبوزن (18-29) كغ، تم وضعها ضمن بوكسات خاصة للكلاب وضمن شروط صحية وتغذوية واحدة وذلك في كلية الطب البيطري بجامعة حماة.
أجريت على الكلاب الستة عملية فتح البطن الاستقصائية تحت تأثير التخدير العام، حيث استخدم الزيلازين بالمشاركة مع الكيتامين حسب الأصول العلمية.
بعد الانتهاء من عملية فتح البطن تم تسجيل المؤشرات الاكلينيكية (معدل ضربات القلب – معدل حركات التنفس – معدل درجة الحرارة) والمؤشرات الدموية (تعداد كريات الدم الحمراء وتعداد كريات الدم البيضاء وتعداد الصفيحات دموية) والمؤشرات السلوكية والحسية (مؤشرات تسكين الألم) (درجة الأنين - درجة الضجر - صعوبة التنفس) وذلك لدى جميع الكلاب قبل إجراء العمل الجراحي (قبل إعطاء أي مهدئ أو مخدر عام) وكذلك بعد إجراء العمل الجراحي (بعد إعطاء كيتورولاك) بـ (1 ساعة -3 ساعات – 6 ساعات – 12 ساعة – 1 يوم – 2 يومين – 3 أيام).
أظهرت النتائج تسجيل فروقات معنوية بسيطة في المؤشرات الاكلينيكية والدموية وفروقات معنوية واضحة P<0.05 عند استخدام مركب كيتورولاك بجرعاة 0,5 ملغ/كغ بفاصل 6 ساعات بين كل جرعتين و ذلك لمدة 3 أيام من حيث تسكين الألم بعد إجراء عملية فتح البطن.
يستنتج من هذا البحث أن استخدام مركب كيتورولاك من حيث التسكين بعد إجراء العمليات الجراحية عند الكلاب كان فعالاً وآمناً ولم يكن له تأثيرات جانبية.
المراجع
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2. Beattie, W. S., Warriner, C. B., Etches, R., Badner, N. H., Parsons, D., Buckley, N., Chan, V., & Girard, M. (1997). The addition of continuous intravenous infusion of ketorolac to a patient-controlled analgetic morphine regime reduced postoperative myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 84(4), 715-722.
3. Bravo, M. J., Bravo, H., & Daló, N. L. (2008). Flunixin Meglumine Decreases Perioperative Signs of Pain in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohisterectomy. Revista Científica, 18(2), 142-147.
4. Buckley, M. M.-T., & Brogden, R. N. (1990). Ketorolac: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs, 39, 86-109.
5. Crane SW. Perioperative analgesia: A surgeon's perspective. J Am VetMedAssoc 1987; 191: 1254-1257.
6. FIRTH, A; HALDANE, S. Development of scale to evaluate postoperative pain in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 214:651-659. 1999.
7. Gillis, J. C., & Brogden, R. N. (1997). Ketorolac: a reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pain management. Drugs, 53(1), 139-188.
8. Hamisk. The role of prostaglandins in the control of renal function. Br J Anaesth 1992: 233-235.
9. HOLTON, L.; SCOUT, E.; NOLAN, A;; REID, J.; WELSH, E. Relationship between physiological factors and clinical pain in dogs scored using a numerical rating scale. J. Small Anim. Pract. 39: 469-474. 1998.
10. Hyers, T. M., Tricomi, S. M., & Liao, J.-J. (1992). Inhibition of some human neutrophil functions by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor ketorolac tromethamine. Journal of leukocyte biology, 51(5), 490-495.
11. Jett, M.-F., Ramesha, C. S., Brown, C. D., Chiu, S., Emmett, C., Voronin, T., Sun, T., O’Yang, C., Hunter, J. C., & Eglen, R. M. (1999). Characterization of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ketorolac and its enantiomers in the rat. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 288(3), 1288-1297.
12. Johnson JM. The veterinarian's responsibility: Assessing and managing acute pain in dogs and cats. Part II. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1991; 13: 911-916.
13. Kitchen H, Aronson, AL, Bittle JL, et al. Panel report on the colloquim on recognition and alleviation of animal pain and stress. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 1186-1191.
14. Litvak, K., & McEvoy, G. (1990). Ketorolac, an injectable nonnarcotic analgesic. Clinical pharmacy, 9(12), 921-935.
15. Mathews KA, Doherty T, Dyson D, Wilcock B. Nephrotoxicity in dogs associated with flunixin meglumine and methoxyflurane anesthesia in dogs. Can Vet J 1990; 30: 766-771.
16. Morton DB, Griffiths PHM. Guidelines on the recognition of pain, distress and discomfort in experimental animals and an hypothesis for assessment. Vet Rec 1985; 116: 431-436.
17. Mroszczak, E. J., Lee, F. W., Combs, D., Sarnquist, F. H., Huang, B., Wu, A., Tokes, L., Maddox, M., & Cho, D. (1987). Ketorolac tromethamine absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetics in animals and humans. Drug metabolism and disposition, 15(5), 618-626.
18. Ness, T. (1999). Models of visceral nociception. ILAR journal, 40(3), 119-128.
19. O'Hara D, Fragen RJ, Kinzer M, Pemberton D. Ketorolac tromethamine as compared with morphine sulfate for treatment of postoperative pain. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987; 41: 556-561.
20. Popilskis S, Kohn D, Sanchez J, Gorman P. Epidural vs intramuscular oxymorphone analgesia after thoracotomy in dogs. Vet Surg 1991; 20: 462-467.
21. Potthoff A, Carithers RW. Pain and analgesia in dogs and cats. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1989; 11: 887-897.
22. Ready, L., Brown, C., Stahlgren, L., Egan, K., Ross, B., Wild, L., Moodie, J., Jones, S., Tommeraasen, M., & Trierwieler, M. (1994). Evaluation of intravenous ketorolac administered by bolus or infusion for treatment of postoperative pain. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Anesthesiology, 80(6), 1277-1286.
23. Reid, J., & Nolan, A. (1991). A comparison of the postoperative analgesic and sedative effects of flimixin and pap aver etum in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 32(12), 603-608.
24. ROMSING, J.; OSTEGAARD, D.; WALKER, S.; VALENTIN, N. Analgesic efficacy and safety of preoperative versus postoperative ketorolac in pediatric tonsillectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 42: 770-775. 1998.
25. Rooks 2nd, W., Maloney, P., Shott, L., Schuler, M., Sevelius, H., Strosberg, A., Tanenbaum, L., Tomolonis, A., Wallach, M., & Waterbury, D. (1985). The analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile of ketorolac and its tromethamine salt. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 11(8), 479-492.
26. Rooks, W., Tomolonis, A., Maloney, P., Wallach, M., & Schuler, M. (1982). The analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile of (±)-5-benzoyl-1, 2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo [1, 2a] pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid (RS-37619). Agents and actions, 12, 684-690.
27. Sackman J. Pain. Part II: Control of pain in animals. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1991; 13: 181-191.
28. Sanford J. Guidelines for detection and assessment of pain and distress in experimental animals. In: Short CE, Van Poznak A, eds. Animal Pain. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1992: 5 15-524.
29. Villa, R., Ravasio, G., Ferraresi, C., Zonca, A., Carli, S., Borghi, L., & Cagnardi, P. (2015). Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in cats undergoing gonadectomy. New Zealand veterinary journal, 63(3), 162-166.
30. Watts, J. A., Gellar, M. A., Stuart, L. K., Obraztsova, M., & Kline, J. A. (2009). Proinflammatory events in right ventricular damage during pulmonary embolism: effects of treatment with ketorolac in rats. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 54(3), 246-252.
31. Wong HY, Carpenter RL, Kopacz DJ, Fragen RJ, Thompson G, Maneakis TJ. A randomized double-blind evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine for post-operative analgesia in ambulatory surgical patients. Anesthesiology 1993; 78: 6-14.
2. Beattie, W. S., Warriner, C. B., Etches, R., Badner, N. H., Parsons, D., Buckley, N., Chan, V., & Girard, M. (1997). The addition of continuous intravenous infusion of ketorolac to a patient-controlled analgetic morphine regime reduced postoperative myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing elective total hip or knee arthroplasty. Anesthesia & Analgesia, 84(4), 715-722.
3. Bravo, M. J., Bravo, H., & Daló, N. L. (2008). Flunixin Meglumine Decreases Perioperative Signs of Pain in Bitches Undergoing Ovariohisterectomy. Revista Científica, 18(2), 142-147.
4. Buckley, M. M.-T., & Brogden, R. N. (1990). Ketorolac: a review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs, 39, 86-109.
5. Crane SW. Perioperative analgesia: A surgeon's perspective. J Am VetMedAssoc 1987; 191: 1254-1257.
6. FIRTH, A; HALDANE, S. Development of scale to evaluate postoperative pain in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 214:651-659. 1999.
7. Gillis, J. C., & Brogden, R. N. (1997). Ketorolac: a reappraisal of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in pain management. Drugs, 53(1), 139-188.
8. Hamisk. The role of prostaglandins in the control of renal function. Br J Anaesth 1992: 233-235.
9. HOLTON, L.; SCOUT, E.; NOLAN, A;; REID, J.; WELSH, E. Relationship between physiological factors and clinical pain in dogs scored using a numerical rating scale. J. Small Anim. Pract. 39: 469-474. 1998.
10. Hyers, T. M., Tricomi, S. M., & Liao, J.-J. (1992). Inhibition of some human neutrophil functions by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor ketorolac tromethamine. Journal of leukocyte biology, 51(5), 490-495.
11. Jett, M.-F., Ramesha, C. S., Brown, C. D., Chiu, S., Emmett, C., Voronin, T., Sun, T., O’Yang, C., Hunter, J. C., & Eglen, R. M. (1999). Characterization of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ketorolac and its enantiomers in the rat. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 288(3), 1288-1297.
12. Johnson JM. The veterinarian's responsibility: Assessing and managing acute pain in dogs and cats. Part II. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1991; 13: 911-916.
13. Kitchen H, Aronson, AL, Bittle JL, et al. Panel report on the colloquim on recognition and alleviation of animal pain and stress. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 1186-1191.
14. Litvak, K., & McEvoy, G. (1990). Ketorolac, an injectable nonnarcotic analgesic. Clinical pharmacy, 9(12), 921-935.
15. Mathews KA, Doherty T, Dyson D, Wilcock B. Nephrotoxicity in dogs associated with flunixin meglumine and methoxyflurane anesthesia in dogs. Can Vet J 1990; 30: 766-771.
16. Morton DB, Griffiths PHM. Guidelines on the recognition of pain, distress and discomfort in experimental animals and an hypothesis for assessment. Vet Rec 1985; 116: 431-436.
17. Mroszczak, E. J., Lee, F. W., Combs, D., Sarnquist, F. H., Huang, B., Wu, A., Tokes, L., Maddox, M., & Cho, D. (1987). Ketorolac tromethamine absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetics in animals and humans. Drug metabolism and disposition, 15(5), 618-626.
18. Ness, T. (1999). Models of visceral nociception. ILAR journal, 40(3), 119-128.
19. O'Hara D, Fragen RJ, Kinzer M, Pemberton D. Ketorolac tromethamine as compared with morphine sulfate for treatment of postoperative pain. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1987; 41: 556-561.
20. Popilskis S, Kohn D, Sanchez J, Gorman P. Epidural vs intramuscular oxymorphone analgesia after thoracotomy in dogs. Vet Surg 1991; 20: 462-467.
21. Potthoff A, Carithers RW. Pain and analgesia in dogs and cats. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1989; 11: 887-897.
22. Ready, L., Brown, C., Stahlgren, L., Egan, K., Ross, B., Wild, L., Moodie, J., Jones, S., Tommeraasen, M., & Trierwieler, M. (1994). Evaluation of intravenous ketorolac administered by bolus or infusion for treatment of postoperative pain. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Anesthesiology, 80(6), 1277-1286.
23. Reid, J., & Nolan, A. (1991). A comparison of the postoperative analgesic and sedative effects of flimixin and pap aver etum in the dog. Journal of Small Animal Practice, 32(12), 603-608.
24. ROMSING, J.; OSTEGAARD, D.; WALKER, S.; VALENTIN, N. Analgesic efficacy and safety of preoperative versus postoperative ketorolac in pediatric tonsillectomy. Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand. 42: 770-775. 1998.
25. Rooks 2nd, W., Maloney, P., Shott, L., Schuler, M., Sevelius, H., Strosberg, A., Tanenbaum, L., Tomolonis, A., Wallach, M., & Waterbury, D. (1985). The analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile of ketorolac and its tromethamine salt. Drugs under experimental and clinical research, 11(8), 479-492.
26. Rooks, W., Tomolonis, A., Maloney, P., Wallach, M., & Schuler, M. (1982). The analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile of (±)-5-benzoyl-1, 2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo [1, 2a] pyrrole-1-carboxylic acid (RS-37619). Agents and actions, 12, 684-690.
27. Sackman J. Pain. Part II: Control of pain in animals. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 1991; 13: 181-191.
28. Sanford J. Guidelines for detection and assessment of pain and distress in experimental animals. In: Short CE, Van Poznak A, eds. Animal Pain. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1992: 5 15-524.
29. Villa, R., Ravasio, G., Ferraresi, C., Zonca, A., Carli, S., Borghi, L., & Cagnardi, P. (2015). Pharmacokinetics of intravenous ketorolac in cats undergoing gonadectomy. New Zealand veterinary journal, 63(3), 162-166.
30. Watts, J. A., Gellar, M. A., Stuart, L. K., Obraztsova, M., & Kline, J. A. (2009). Proinflammatory events in right ventricular damage during pulmonary embolism: effects of treatment with ketorolac in rats. Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 54(3), 246-252.
31. Wong HY, Carpenter RL, Kopacz DJ, Fragen RJ, Thompson G, Maneakis TJ. A randomized double-blind evaluation of ketorolac tromethamine for post-operative analgesia in ambulatory surgical patients. Anesthesiology 1993; 78: 6-14.
منشور
2024-09-29
كيفية الاقتباس
الشبلاقم., & دعاسأ. (2024). دراسة تأثير استخدام كيتورولاك في السيطرة على آلام ما بعد الجراحة لدى الكلاب. مجلة جامعة حماة, 7(السادس). استرجع في من https://hama-univ.edu.sy/ojs/index.php/huj/article/view/2118
القسم
قسم الطب البيطري
