تأثير إضافة نخالة القمح إلى خلطات دجاج اللحم في بعض المؤشرات الإنتاجية
الكلمات المفتاحية:
Broiler, wheat bran, insoluble fiber, performance.
الملخص
أجريت هذه الدراسة لتقييم تأثير إضافة نسب مختلفة من نخالة القمح إلى الخلطات العلفية في بعض المؤشرات الإنتاجية عند طيور دجاج اللحم. حيث نُفذت هذه الدراسة على 180 طيراً من سلالة روس 308 بعمر يوم واحد. قُسّمت الطيور عشوائياً إلى ثلاث مجموعات وفق التصميم العشوائي التام، ضمّت كل مجموعة ثلاث مكررات (20 طيراً/ مكرر). حيث غذيت طيور المجموعات بشكل حر على خلطات متزنة بمحتواها من الطاقة والبروتين لمدة 42 يوماً وفق الآتي: غذيت المجموعة الأولى (T1) على خلطة الشاهد (بدون إضافة نخالة القمح)، بينما غُذيت طيور المجموعتين الثانية (T2) والثالثة (T3) على خلطات مع إضافة نخالة القمح بمعدل 3 و5 % على التوالي.
أظهرت نتائج البحث عدم وجود فروق معنوية (p>0.05) في معدلات النفوق الكلي واستهلاك العلف بين المجموعات المدروسة. ولوحظ عدم وجود فروق معنوية (p>0.05) في متوسط الوزن الحي والزيادة الوزنية لدى طيور المجموعة الثانية (T2)، بينما انخفض معامل تحويل العلف بشكل معنوي (p≤0.05) خلال الأسبوعيين الأخيرين من عمر الطيور بالمقارنة مع طيور مجموعة الشاهد. كما أكدت النتائج وجود انخفاض معنوي (p≤0.05) في متوسط الوزن الحي والزيادة الوزنية عند طيور المجموعة الثالثة (T3) خلال الأسبوع الأول من عمر الطيور، بالإضافة إلى وجود ارتفاع معنوي في معامل تحويل العلف خلال الأسبوعين الأولين من العمر بالمقارنة مع طيور مجموعة الشاهد.
يستنتج مما سبق أنه يمكن إضافة نخالة القمح بمعدل 3 % ضمن الخلطات العلفية لدجاج اللحم لتحسين الكفاءة التحويلية للعلف.
المراجع
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Guzmán P., Saldaña B., Kimiaeitalab M.V., García J., Mateos G.G. (2015). Inclusion of fiber in diets for brown-egg laying pullets: Effects on growth performance and digestive tract traits from hatching to 17 weeks of age. Poult. Sci. 94:2722–2733.
Idan, Frank., Paulk , C B., Pokoo-Aikins, A., Stark, C R., (2023). Growth performance, intestinal morphometry, and blood serum parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing increasing levels of wheat bran with or without exogenous multi-enzyme supplementation during the grower and finisher phases. Livestock Science. 275. 105296.
De Mora Ruiz-Roso B.C. (2015). Positive effects of wheat bran for digestive health; scientific evidence. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 32:41–45.
Liu G., Xiao L., Fang T., Cai Y., Jia G., Zhao H., Wang J., Chen X., Wu C. (2014). Pea fiber and wheat bran fiber show distinct metabolic profiles in rats as investigated by a 1 H NMR-based metabolomic approach. PLoS ONE. 9:e115561.
Jenkins D.J., Kendall C.W., Augustin L.S., Martini M.C., Axelsen M., Faulkner D., Vidgen E., Parker T., Lau H., Connelly P.W. (2002). Effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 25:1522–1528.
Kim, K.-H., R. Tsao, R. Yang, and S. W. Cui. (2006). Phenolic acid profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat bran extracts and the effect of hydrolysis conditions. Food Chem. 95:466–473.
Knudsen, K. E. B. (2014). Fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide content and variation in common crops used in broiler diets. Poult. Sci. 93:2380–2393.
Mateos G.G., Jiménez-Moreno E., Serrano M.P., Lázaro R.P. (2012). Poultry response to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 21: 156–174.
NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 8th ed. Washington (DC): National Academy Press.
Osei, S.A. and S. Oduro. (2000). Effects of dietary enzyme on broiler chickens fed diets containing wheat bran. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 9:681-686.
Salami, S. A., Agbonlahor, E., Salako, A., Sideeq, B., Agboola, J., Atteh.J., (2018). Nutritive values of wheat bran-based broiler diet supplemented with different classes of enzymes.Tropical Agriculture 95(3): 245- 256.
Shang,Q.H., S.J.Liu,T.F. He,H.S. Liu, S. Mahfuz,X.K.Ma,and X. S. Piao. (2020a). Effects of wheat bran in comparison to antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal immunity, barrier function, and microbial composition in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 99:4929–4938.
Shang, Q., Wu, D., Liu, H., Mahfuz, S., and Piao., X. (2020b). The Impact of Wheat Bran on the Morphology and Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel). 10(10): 1-12.
Smits, C. H. M., and G. Annison. (1996). Non-starch plant polysaccharides in broiler nutrition − towards a physiologically valid approach to their determination. Worlds Poult. Sci. J. 52:203–221.
Sozcu A. (2019). Growth performance, pH value of gizzard, hepatic enzyme activity, immunologic indicators, intestinal histomorphology, and cecal microflora of broilers fed diets supplemented with processed lignocellulose. Poult Sci. 98:6880–6887.
Stevenson, L. E. O., F. Phillips, K. O’sullivan, and J. Walton. (2012). Wheat bran: its composition and benefits to health, a European perspective. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 63: 1001–1013.
Svihus B. The gizzard: Function, influence of diet structure and effects on nutrient availability. World Poult. Sci. J. 2011; 67:207–224.
Tejeda, O. J., and W. K. Kim. (2021). Effects of fiber type, particle size, and inclusion level on the growth performance, digestive organ growth, intestinal morphology, intestinal viscosity, and gene expression of broilers. Poult. Sci. 100:101397.
Veluri, S., Gonzalez-Ortiz , G., Bedford, M R., Olukosi, O A., (2024). Interactive effects of a stimbiotic supplementation and wheat bran inclusion in corn- or wheat-based diets on growth performance, ileal digestibility, and expression of nutrient transporters of broilers chickens. Poultry Science, 103:103178.
Viveros, A., C. Centeno, A. Brenes, R. Canales, and A. Lozano. (2000). Phytase and acid phosphatise activities in plant feedstuffs. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48:4009-4013.
Xu Z.R., Hu C.H., Xia M.S., Zhan X.A., Wang M.Q. (2003). Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers. Poult. Sci. 82:1030–1036.
Yokhana J.S., Parkinson G., Frankel T.L. (2015). Effect of insoluble fiber supplementation applied at different ages on digestive organ weight and digestive enzymes of layer-strain poultry. Poult. Sci. 95: 550–559.
Zhang, C., Hao, E., Chen, X., Huang, C., Liu, G., Chen, H., Wang, D., Shi, L., Xuan, F., Chang, D., and Chen, Y., (2023). Dietary Fiber Level Improve Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Immune and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers from Day 22 to 42. Animals, 13(7), 1227.
Guzmán P., Saldaña B., Kimiaeitalab M.V., García J., Mateos G.G. (2015). Inclusion of fiber in diets for brown-egg laying pullets: Effects on growth performance and digestive tract traits from hatching to 17 weeks of age. Poult. Sci. 94:2722–2733.
Idan, Frank., Paulk , C B., Pokoo-Aikins, A., Stark, C R., (2023). Growth performance, intestinal morphometry, and blood serum parameters of broiler chickens fed diets containing increasing levels of wheat bran with or without exogenous multi-enzyme supplementation during the grower and finisher phases. Livestock Science. 275. 105296.
De Mora Ruiz-Roso B.C. (2015). Positive effects of wheat bran for digestive health; scientific evidence. Nutrición Hospitalaria. 32:41–45.
Liu G., Xiao L., Fang T., Cai Y., Jia G., Zhao H., Wang J., Chen X., Wu C. (2014). Pea fiber and wheat bran fiber show distinct metabolic profiles in rats as investigated by a 1 H NMR-based metabolomic approach. PLoS ONE. 9:e115561.
Jenkins D.J., Kendall C.W., Augustin L.S., Martini M.C., Axelsen M., Faulkner D., Vidgen E., Parker T., Lau H., Connelly P.W. (2002). Effect of wheat bran on glycemic control and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 25:1522–1528.
Kim, K.-H., R. Tsao, R. Yang, and S. W. Cui. (2006). Phenolic acid profiles and antioxidant activities of wheat bran extracts and the effect of hydrolysis conditions. Food Chem. 95:466–473.
Knudsen, K. E. B. (2014). Fiber and nonstarch polysaccharide content and variation in common crops used in broiler diets. Poult. Sci. 93:2380–2393.
Mateos G.G., Jiménez-Moreno E., Serrano M.P., Lázaro R.P. (2012). Poultry response to high levels of dietary fiber sources varying in physical and chemical characteristics. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 21: 156–174.
NRC. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 8th ed. Washington (DC): National Academy Press.
Osei, S.A. and S. Oduro. (2000). Effects of dietary enzyme on broiler chickens fed diets containing wheat bran. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 9:681-686.
Salami, S. A., Agbonlahor, E., Salako, A., Sideeq, B., Agboola, J., Atteh.J., (2018). Nutritive values of wheat bran-based broiler diet supplemented with different classes of enzymes.Tropical Agriculture 95(3): 245- 256.
Shang,Q.H., S.J.Liu,T.F. He,H.S. Liu, S. Mahfuz,X.K.Ma,and X. S. Piao. (2020a). Effects of wheat bran in comparison to antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal immunity, barrier function, and microbial composition in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 99:4929–4938.
Shang, Q., Wu, D., Liu, H., Mahfuz, S., and Piao., X. (2020b). The Impact of Wheat Bran on the Morphology and Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel). 10(10): 1-12.
Smits, C. H. M., and G. Annison. (1996). Non-starch plant polysaccharides in broiler nutrition − towards a physiologically valid approach to their determination. Worlds Poult. Sci. J. 52:203–221.
Sozcu A. (2019). Growth performance, pH value of gizzard, hepatic enzyme activity, immunologic indicators, intestinal histomorphology, and cecal microflora of broilers fed diets supplemented with processed lignocellulose. Poult Sci. 98:6880–6887.
Stevenson, L. E. O., F. Phillips, K. O’sullivan, and J. Walton. (2012). Wheat bran: its composition and benefits to health, a European perspective. Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 63: 1001–1013.
Svihus B. The gizzard: Function, influence of diet structure and effects on nutrient availability. World Poult. Sci. J. 2011; 67:207–224.
Tejeda, O. J., and W. K. Kim. (2021). Effects of fiber type, particle size, and inclusion level on the growth performance, digestive organ growth, intestinal morphology, intestinal viscosity, and gene expression of broilers. Poult. Sci. 100:101397.
Veluri, S., Gonzalez-Ortiz , G., Bedford, M R., Olukosi, O A., (2024). Interactive effects of a stimbiotic supplementation and wheat bran inclusion in corn- or wheat-based diets on growth performance, ileal digestibility, and expression of nutrient transporters of broilers chickens. Poultry Science, 103:103178.
Viveros, A., C. Centeno, A. Brenes, R. Canales, and A. Lozano. (2000). Phytase and acid phosphatise activities in plant feedstuffs. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48:4009-4013.
Xu Z.R., Hu C.H., Xia M.S., Zhan X.A., Wang M.Q. (2003). Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers. Poult. Sci. 82:1030–1036.
Yokhana J.S., Parkinson G., Frankel T.L. (2015). Effect of insoluble fiber supplementation applied at different ages on digestive organ weight and digestive enzymes of layer-strain poultry. Poult. Sci. 95: 550–559.
Zhang, C., Hao, E., Chen, X., Huang, C., Liu, G., Chen, H., Wang, D., Shi, L., Xuan, F., Chang, D., and Chen, Y., (2023). Dietary Fiber Level Improve Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Immune and Intestinal Morphology of Broilers from Day 22 to 42. Animals, 13(7), 1227.
منشور
2024-08-21
كيفية الاقتباس
المير سليمانم. ب. (2024). تأثير إضافة نخالة القمح إلى خلطات دجاج اللحم في بعض المؤشرات الإنتاجية. مجلة جامعة حماة, 7(4). استرجع في من https://hama-univ.edu.sy/ojs/index.php/huj/article/view/1867
القسم
قسم هندسة الزراعية
