الملخص
هدفت الدراسة الحالية لتقييم مستويات الألم المترافقة مع الارجاع الكامل للقوس السنية العلوية اعتماداً على ميكانيك فك واحد( 1-Jaw TMAD) وميكانيك فكين (2-Jaw TMAD) والمعالجة التقليدية بقلع الضواحك العلوية والإرجاع الكتلي للأسنان الأمامية عند المعالجة التقويمية التمويهية لمرضى الصنف الثاني نموذج أول من سوء الاطباق.
تم تضمين 45 مريضاً في الدراسة الحالية (20 ذكور, 25 اناث) تراوحت أعمارهم بين 16 و30 عام لديهم صنف ثان نموذج أول حسب انجل. تم توزيعهم عشوائياً لثلاث مجموعات حيث تمت معالجة المجموعة الأولى بالإرجاع الكامل للقوس السنية العلوية اعتماداً على زريعات دهليزية بين جذور الضاحكة الثانية والرحى الأولى العلويتين. أما المجموعة الثانية فتمت معالجتها بالإرجاع الكامل للقوس السنية العلوية من خلال المطاط بين الفكي صنف ثان بين الأنياب العلوية وزريعات بين الرحتين الأولى والثانية السفليتين, في حين أن مرضى المجموعة الثالثة تلقوا المعالجة التقليدية بقلع الضواحك مع الارجاع الكتلي للأسنان الأمامية. تم تقييم مستويات الألم العفوي وأثناء العض بعد تطبيق قوة الإرجاع مباشرة وبعد 6, 24, 48 ساعة وبعد اسبوع وبعد اسبوعين باستخدام مقياس التقدير الرقمي Numeric rating scale (NRS) ذي ال 11 نقطة.
كانت القيمة الوسطية للألم العفوي وأثناء العض في مجموعة 2-Jaw TMAD (3.7 و 6 على التوالي) هي الأعلى وبفارق جوهري عن القيمة الوسطية للألم العفوي في مجموعة 1-Jaw TMAD (1.7 و 3) التي كانت بدورها أعلى جوهرياً من القيمة الوسطية المحسوبة لمجموعة القلع التقليدية (1 و2). بلغ الألم ذروته في مجموعتي الارجاع الكامل للقوس السنية العلوية بعد 24-48 ساعة في حين وصل للذروة بعد 6 ساعات في المجموعة الشاهدة (P<0.001).
نجم عن المعالجة بأسلوب 2-Jaw TMAD مستويات متوسطة من الألم واعلى من1-Jaw TMAD في حين كانت المعالجة التقليدية مترافقة مع مستويات منخفضة جداً من الألم.
المراجع
BADRAN, S. A., AL-ZABEN, J. M., AL-TAIE, L. M., TBEISHI, H. & AL-OMIRI, M. K. 2022. Comparing patient-centered outcomes and efficiency of space closure between nickel-titanium closed-coil springs and elastomeric power chains during orthodontic treatment: A two-center, randomized clinical trial. The Angle Orthodontist, 92, 471-477.
BAEK, E. S., HWANG, S., KIM, K.-H. & CHUNG, C. J. 2017. Total intrusion and distalization of the maxillary arch to improve smile esthetics. The korean journal of orthodontics, 47, 59-73.
BECHTOLD, T. E., KIM, J.-W., CHOI, T.-H., PARK, Y.-C. & LEE, K.-J. 2013. Distalization pattern of the maxillary arch depending on the number of orthodontic miniscrews. The Angle Orthodontist, 83, 266-273.
CAPRIOGLIO, A., CAFAGNA, A., FONTANA, M. & COZZANI, M. 2015. Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances. The korean journal of orthodontics, 45, 171-179.
CARDAROPOLI, D., GAVEGLIO, L. & ABOU-ARRAJ, R. V. Orthodontic movement and periodontal bone defects: Rationale, timing, and clinical implications. Seminars in Orthodontics, 2014. Elsevier, 177-187.
CHEN, G., TENG, F. & XU, T.-M. 2016. Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 149, 401-410.
CHOI, Y. J., LEE, J.-S., CHA, J.-Y. & PARK, Y.-C. 2011. Total distalization of the maxillary arch in a patient with skeletal Class II malocclusion. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 139, 823-833.
COPE, J. B. Temporary anchorage devices in orthodontics: a paradigm shift. Seminars in orthodontics, 2005. Elsevier, 3-9.
CROSSMAN, I. & REED, R. 1978. Long term results of premolar extractions in orthodontic treatment. British journal of orthodontics, 5, 61-66.
DORUK, C., ÇANKAYA, Ö. S. & GÜVENÇ, İ. S. 2015. Non-Extraction Treatment of Skeletal Class II Adult Patient with Total Maxillary Arch Distalization. Turkish J Orthod, 28, 122-8.
FONTANA, M., COZZANI, M. & CAPRIOGLIO, A. 2012. Non-compliance maxillary molar distalizing appliances: an overview of the last decade. Progress in orthodontics, 13, 173-184.
FRITZ, U., DIEDRICH, P. & WIECHMANN, D. 2002. Lingual Technique–Patients' Characteristics, Motivation and Accpetance Interpretation of a Retrospective Survey. Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie, 63, 227-233.
GARIB, D. G., BRESSANE, L. B., JANSON, G. & GRIBEL, B. F. 2016. Stability of extraction space closure. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 149, 24-30.
GIANNOPOULOU, C., DUDIC, A. & KILIARIDIS, S. 2006. Pain discomfort and crevicular fluid changes induced by orthodontic elastic separators in children. The Journal of Pain, 7, 367-376.
GREENSPAN, R. A. 1970. Reference charts for controlled extraoral force application to maxillary molars. American journal of orthodontics, 58, 486-491.
HAAS, A. J. Headgear therapy: the most efficient way to distalize molars. Seminars in Orthodontics, 2000. Elsevier, 79-90.
HALIMI, A., BENYAHIA, H., DOUKKALI, A., AZEROUAL, M.-F. & ZAOUI, F. 2012. A systematic review of force decay in orthodontic elastomeric power chains. International orthodontics, 10, 223-240.
JAMBI, S., THIRUVENKATACHARI, B., D O'BRIEN, K. & WALSH, T. 2013. Orthodontic treatment for distalising upper first molars in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
JO, S. Y., BAYOME, M., PARK, J., LIM, H. J., KOOK, Y.-A. & HAN, S. H. 2018. Comparison of treatment effects between four premolar extraction and total arch distalization using the modified C-palatal plate. The korean journal of orthodontics, 48, 224-235.
KIM, S. Y. 2013. Efficacy versus effectiveness. Korean journal of family medicine, 34, 227-227.
KINZINGER, G. S., EREN, M. & DIEDRICH, P. R. 2008. Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 30, 558-571.
KINZINGER, G. S., GÜLDEN, N., YILDIZHAN, F. & DIEDRICH, P. R. 2009. Efficiency of a skeletonized distal jet appliance supported by miniscrew anchorage for noncompliance maxillary molar distalization. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 136, 578-586.
KOOK, Y.-A., LEE, D., KIM, S. & CHUNG, K. 2013. Design improvements in the modified C-palatal plate for molar distalization. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO, 47, 241-8; quiz 267-8.
LEE, S. K., ABBAS, N. H., BAYOME, M., BAIK, U.-B., KOOK, Y.-A., HONG, M. & PARK, J. H. 2018. A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews. The Angle Orthodontist, 88, 45-51.
LUPPANAPORNLARP, S., KAJII, T. S., SURARIT, R. & IIDA, J. 2010. Interleukin-1β levels, pain intensity, and tooth movement using two different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 32, 596-601.
MAH, S.-J., KIM, J.-E., AHN, E. J., NAM, J.-H., KIM, J.-Y. & KANG, Y.-G. 2016. Analysis of midpalatal miniscrew-assisted maxillary molar distalization patterns with simultaneous use of fixed appliances: A preliminary study. The korean journal of orthodontics, 46, 55-61.
MANNI, A., LUPINI, D. & COZZANI, M. 2018. Combining skeletal anchorage and intermaxillary elastics in Class II treatment. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO, 52, 227-234.
MATTHEWS, J., ALTMAN, D. G., CAMPBELL, M. & ROYSTON, P. 1990. Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. British medical journal, 300, 230-235.
MHEISSEN, S., KHAN, H., ALMUZIAN, M., ALZOUBI, E. E. & PANDIS, N. 2022. Do longitudinal orthodontic trials use appropriate statistical analyses? A meta-epidemiological study. European journal of orthodontics, 44, 352-357.
MOHAMED, N. A. M., KADDAH, A. M., SOLIMAN, S. A. Z. & ELSAYED, E. M. E. 2023. Evaluation Of Pain Perception During Micro-Osteoperforation Assisted Maxillary En-Masse Retraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 51-59.
NAIM, M., HASAN, M., NAHAR, L., NASRIN, T., NAZNIN, S. & GHOSH, R. 2016. Causes of Orthodontic Pain & its treatment: an overview. Update Dental College Journal, 6, 43-51.
OWAYDA, A. M., HAJEER, M. Y., MURAD, R. M. & AL-SABBAGH, R. 2022. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy versus paracetamol–caffeine in controlling orthodontic separation pain and changes in the oral-health-related quality of life in Class I malocclusions: A 3-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists.
PANDA, S., VERMA, V., SACHAN, A. & SINGH, K. 2015. Perception of pain due to various orthodontic procedures. Quintessence International, 46.
PETERSON, L. J. & HUPP, T. 2003. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery 4th. New York: Mosby, 195-235.
PIAO, Y., KIM, S.-J., YU, H.-S., CHA, J.-Y. & BAIK, H.-S. 2016. Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea. The korean journal of orthodontics, 46, 137-145.
QAMRUDDIN, I., ALAM, M. K., FIDA, M. & KHAN, A. G. 2016. Effect of a single dose of low-level laser therapy on spontaneous and chewing pain caused by elastomeric separators. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 149, 62-6.
SA'AED, N. L., PARK, C. O., BAYOME, M., PARK, J. H., KIM, Y. & KOOK, Y.-A. 2015. Skeletal and dental effects of molar distalization using a modified palatal anchorage plate in adolescents. The Angle Orthodontist, 85, 657-664.
SUGAWARA, J., KANZAKI, R., TAKAHASHI, I., NAGASAKA, H. & NANDA, R. 2006. Distal movement of maxillary molars in nongrowing patients with the skeletal anchorage system. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 129, 723-733.
TUNCER, Z., OZSOY, F. S. & POLAT-OZSOY, O. 2011. Self-reported pain associated with the use of intermaxillary elastics compared to pain experienced after initial archwire placement. The Angle Orthodontist, 81, 807-811.
YANG, L., LV, C., YAN, F. & FENG, J. 2020. Force degradation of orthodontic latex elastics analyzed in vivo and in vitro. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 157, 313-319.
BAEK, E. S., HWANG, S., KIM, K.-H. & CHUNG, C. J. 2017. Total intrusion and distalization of the maxillary arch to improve smile esthetics. The korean journal of orthodontics, 47, 59-73.
BECHTOLD, T. E., KIM, J.-W., CHOI, T.-H., PARK, Y.-C. & LEE, K.-J. 2013. Distalization pattern of the maxillary arch depending on the number of orthodontic miniscrews. The Angle Orthodontist, 83, 266-273.
CAPRIOGLIO, A., CAFAGNA, A., FONTANA, M. & COZZANI, M. 2015. Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy using pendulum and distal screw appliances. The korean journal of orthodontics, 45, 171-179.
CARDAROPOLI, D., GAVEGLIO, L. & ABOU-ARRAJ, R. V. Orthodontic movement and periodontal bone defects: Rationale, timing, and clinical implications. Seminars in Orthodontics, 2014. Elsevier, 177-187.
CHEN, G., TENG, F. & XU, T.-M. 2016. Distalization of the maxillary and mandibular dentitions with miniscrew anchorage in a patient with moderate Class I bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 149, 401-410.
CHOI, Y. J., LEE, J.-S., CHA, J.-Y. & PARK, Y.-C. 2011. Total distalization of the maxillary arch in a patient with skeletal Class II malocclusion. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 139, 823-833.
COPE, J. B. Temporary anchorage devices in orthodontics: a paradigm shift. Seminars in orthodontics, 2005. Elsevier, 3-9.
CROSSMAN, I. & REED, R. 1978. Long term results of premolar extractions in orthodontic treatment. British journal of orthodontics, 5, 61-66.
DORUK, C., ÇANKAYA, Ö. S. & GÜVENÇ, İ. S. 2015. Non-Extraction Treatment of Skeletal Class II Adult Patient with Total Maxillary Arch Distalization. Turkish J Orthod, 28, 122-8.
FONTANA, M., COZZANI, M. & CAPRIOGLIO, A. 2012. Non-compliance maxillary molar distalizing appliances: an overview of the last decade. Progress in orthodontics, 13, 173-184.
FRITZ, U., DIEDRICH, P. & WIECHMANN, D. 2002. Lingual Technique–Patients' Characteristics, Motivation and Accpetance Interpretation of a Retrospective Survey. Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics/Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie, 63, 227-233.
GARIB, D. G., BRESSANE, L. B., JANSON, G. & GRIBEL, B. F. 2016. Stability of extraction space closure. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 149, 24-30.
GIANNOPOULOU, C., DUDIC, A. & KILIARIDIS, S. 2006. Pain discomfort and crevicular fluid changes induced by orthodontic elastic separators in children. The Journal of Pain, 7, 367-376.
GREENSPAN, R. A. 1970. Reference charts for controlled extraoral force application to maxillary molars. American journal of orthodontics, 58, 486-491.
HAAS, A. J. Headgear therapy: the most efficient way to distalize molars. Seminars in Orthodontics, 2000. Elsevier, 79-90.
HALIMI, A., BENYAHIA, H., DOUKKALI, A., AZEROUAL, M.-F. & ZAOUI, F. 2012. A systematic review of force decay in orthodontic elastomeric power chains. International orthodontics, 10, 223-240.
JAMBI, S., THIRUVENKATACHARI, B., D O'BRIEN, K. & WALSH, T. 2013. Orthodontic treatment for distalising upper first molars in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
JO, S. Y., BAYOME, M., PARK, J., LIM, H. J., KOOK, Y.-A. & HAN, S. H. 2018. Comparison of treatment effects between four premolar extraction and total arch distalization using the modified C-palatal plate. The korean journal of orthodontics, 48, 224-235.
KIM, S. Y. 2013. Efficacy versus effectiveness. Korean journal of family medicine, 34, 227-227.
KINZINGER, G. S., EREN, M. & DIEDRICH, P. R. 2008. Treatment effects of intraoral appliances with conventional anchorage designs for non-compliance maxillary molar distalization. A literature review. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 30, 558-571.
KINZINGER, G. S., GÜLDEN, N., YILDIZHAN, F. & DIEDRICH, P. R. 2009. Efficiency of a skeletonized distal jet appliance supported by miniscrew anchorage for noncompliance maxillary molar distalization. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 136, 578-586.
KOOK, Y.-A., LEE, D., KIM, S. & CHUNG, K. 2013. Design improvements in the modified C-palatal plate for molar distalization. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO, 47, 241-8; quiz 267-8.
LEE, S. K., ABBAS, N. H., BAYOME, M., BAIK, U.-B., KOOK, Y.-A., HONG, M. & PARK, J. H. 2018. A comparison of treatment effects of total arch distalization using modified C-palatal plate vs buccal miniscrews. The Angle Orthodontist, 88, 45-51.
LUPPANAPORNLARP, S., KAJII, T. S., SURARIT, R. & IIDA, J. 2010. Interleukin-1β levels, pain intensity, and tooth movement using two different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force. The European Journal of Orthodontics, 32, 596-601.
MAH, S.-J., KIM, J.-E., AHN, E. J., NAM, J.-H., KIM, J.-Y. & KANG, Y.-G. 2016. Analysis of midpalatal miniscrew-assisted maxillary molar distalization patterns with simultaneous use of fixed appliances: A preliminary study. The korean journal of orthodontics, 46, 55-61.
MANNI, A., LUPINI, D. & COZZANI, M. 2018. Combining skeletal anchorage and intermaxillary elastics in Class II treatment. Journal of clinical orthodontics: JCO, 52, 227-234.
MATTHEWS, J., ALTMAN, D. G., CAMPBELL, M. & ROYSTON, P. 1990. Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. British medical journal, 300, 230-235.
MHEISSEN, S., KHAN, H., ALMUZIAN, M., ALZOUBI, E. E. & PANDIS, N. 2022. Do longitudinal orthodontic trials use appropriate statistical analyses? A meta-epidemiological study. European journal of orthodontics, 44, 352-357.
MOHAMED, N. A. M., KADDAH, A. M., SOLIMAN, S. A. Z. & ELSAYED, E. M. E. 2023. Evaluation Of Pain Perception During Micro-Osteoperforation Assisted Maxillary En-Masse Retraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results, 51-59.
NAIM, M., HASAN, M., NAHAR, L., NASRIN, T., NAZNIN, S. & GHOSH, R. 2016. Causes of Orthodontic Pain & its treatment: an overview. Update Dental College Journal, 6, 43-51.
OWAYDA, A. M., HAJEER, M. Y., MURAD, R. M. & AL-SABBAGH, R. 2022. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy versus paracetamol–caffeine in controlling orthodontic separation pain and changes in the oral-health-related quality of life in Class I malocclusions: A 3-arm, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists.
PANDA, S., VERMA, V., SACHAN, A. & SINGH, K. 2015. Perception of pain due to various orthodontic procedures. Quintessence International, 46.
PETERSON, L. J. & HUPP, T. 2003. Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery 4th. New York: Mosby, 195-235.
PIAO, Y., KIM, S.-J., YU, H.-S., CHA, J.-Y. & BAIK, H.-S. 2016. Five-year investigation of a large orthodontic patient population at a dental hospital in South Korea. The korean journal of orthodontics, 46, 137-145.
QAMRUDDIN, I., ALAM, M. K., FIDA, M. & KHAN, A. G. 2016. Effect of a single dose of low-level laser therapy on spontaneous and chewing pain caused by elastomeric separators. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 149, 62-6.
SA'AED, N. L., PARK, C. O., BAYOME, M., PARK, J. H., KIM, Y. & KOOK, Y.-A. 2015. Skeletal and dental effects of molar distalization using a modified palatal anchorage plate in adolescents. The Angle Orthodontist, 85, 657-664.
SUGAWARA, J., KANZAKI, R., TAKAHASHI, I., NAGASAKA, H. & NANDA, R. 2006. Distal movement of maxillary molars in nongrowing patients with the skeletal anchorage system. American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, 129, 723-733.
TUNCER, Z., OZSOY, F. S. & POLAT-OZSOY, O. 2011. Self-reported pain associated with the use of intermaxillary elastics compared to pain experienced after initial archwire placement. The Angle Orthodontist, 81, 807-811.
YANG, L., LV, C., YAN, F. & FENG, J. 2020. Force degradation of orthodontic latex elastics analyzed in vivo and in vitro. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, 157, 313-319.